Articles / Research and Testing
How to read a website heatmap, and what to test next
What we found
Heatmaps show where to look, not what to do. A sticky add to cart bar, which fixed a classic scroll problem, lifted mobile conversion 7.0%. But moving a call to action higher cut conversion 16.3%.
A website heatmap turns visitor behavior into color. Hot areas got the most clicks or attention. Cold areas got little. It is 1 of the fastest ways to see a page the way visitors do.
But a heatmap only shows what happened. It does not tell you what to change. Here is how to read a heatmap, and 3 tests that show what to do next.
How to read a website heatmap
- Start with the scroll map. Find where most visitors stop. Anything important below that line is seen by few people.
- Check the click map. Look for clicks on things that are not links, like images or labels. Those are signs of confusion.
- Look for ignored buttons. A cold main button is a problem worth testing.
- Split by device. Mobile and desktop heatmaps often tell different stories.
- Write a hypothesis, then test it. Never redesign from a heatmap alone.
57% of viewing time is above the fold, 74% in the first 2 screenfuls and 81% in the first 3.
Therese Fessenden 2018 · www.nngroup.com ↗
Attention drops as people scroll, but 2 of our tests show that moving things up is not automatically better.
A sticky add to cart bar lifted mobile conversion 7.0%
On mobile, the add to cart button scrolled out of view as shoppers read down the product page. We tested 2 sticky add to cart bars. The simple bar lifted conversion 7.0% on mobile over 15 days.
Evidence · Product page · Won
Does a sticky add to cart bar lift mobile product page sales?
15 days · mobile · We added a sticky add to cart bar once the main button left the screen.
+7.0% conversion, +12.0% revenue per visitor
Read the full testThis is the classic scroll map finding: shoppers keep reading, but the button stays behind. The fix kept the button with them.
Visitors preferred the call to action further down the page
A set of article pages put the first call to action about 3 scrolls down. We moved it up to within the first 1.5 scrolls, where far more visitors would see it. Visitors preferred the original: conversion fell 16.3%, and we paused the test after 9 days.
Evidence · Article page · Lost
Does earlier CTA placement lift article page conversion?
9 days · responsive · We moved the first offer button from 3 scrolls down to 1.5.
-16.3% conversion
Read the full testMore eyes on a button does not mean more clicks. A likely reason: readers who reached the original spot had read enough to want the offer. Earlier, the button asked too soon.
Visitors preferred keeping the content below the form
A landing page kept its full content below the lead form. Once visitors started the form, we removed everything below the fold. Visitors preferred the original: conversion fell 5.6% over 13 days, so we paused.
Evidence · Lead form · Lost
Does removing everything below the fold in a lead form help?
13 days · responsive · Once in the form, visitors saw only the form, with nothing below it.
-5.6% conversion, -5.3% revenue per visitor
Read the full testA scroll map might show few people reading that content. But the ones who did may have needed it to finish the form.
A heatmap shows what, not why.
Heatmaps are analytics. They show where visitors clicked and where they stopped. I pair them with usability testing to learn why before deciding what to test.
What to test next
Use the heatmap to pick the spot, then test 2 or 3 ideas there. Our experimentation and testing work follows that order. To find the step to focus on, see Conversion funnel optimization: fix the step that loses the most people. To learn why visitors behave the way the map shows, see Usability testing for ecommerce: how to find what to fix.
A heatmap tells you where to look. A test tells you what works there.
Frequently asked questions
What is a website heatmap?
A visual map of where visitors click, move and scroll on a page, shown as hot and cold colors.
How do you read a heatmap?
Start with the scroll map to see where visitors stop, then the click map to see what they try to click. Split by device.
What is the difference between a click map and a scroll map?
A click map shows where people click. A scroll map shows how far down the page they get.
Should important content go above the fold?
Not always. In our test, moving a call to action higher cut conversion 16.3%. Test it.
Can heatmaps increase conversion?
Not by themselves. They show where to test. In our test, a sticky add to cart bar that kept the button in view lifted mobile conversion 7.0%.
The evidence
The 3 tests this article leans on
Evidence · Product page · Won
Does a sticky add to cart bar lift mobile product page sales?
+7.0% conversion, +12.0% revenue per visitor
Read the full testEvidence · Article page · Lost
-16.3% conversion
Read the full testEvidence · Lead form · Lost
Does removing everything below the fold in a lead form help?
-5.6% conversion, -5.3% revenue per visitor
Read the full test